Click to enable/disable Google Analytics tracking. IV. For to which of the angels did He ever say: The author of Hebrews proved that Jesus is superior to any angelic being because God the Father says things to God the Son that He never said to angels. (Compare Numbers 12:6-8 ). He had been always Son, but now first was manifested as such in His once humbled, now exalted manhood united to His Godhead. PREVIOUS NEXT. The Old Testament revelations were fragmentary in substance, and manifold in form; the very multitude of prophets shows that they prophesied only in part. i. . . See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editions. to minister--Greek, "unto (that is, 'for') ministry." to Nehemiah, 400 B.C.). Our website uses cookies to store user preferences. It means that the Father and the Son share the same being. There are no apologetics, no hint of argument, … The Epistle to the Hebrews. In the Psalms 104:3 Psalms 104:4 , the subject in each clause comes first, and the attribute predicated of it second; so the Greek article here marks "angels" and "ministers" as the subjects, and "winds" and "flame of fire," predicates, Schemoth Rabba says, "God is called God of Zebaoth (the heavenly hosts), because He does what He pleases with His angels. (2) Relatively, in comparison with the angels, Hebrews 1:4 ; the confirmation of this follows, and the very name "Son" is proved at Hebrews 1:5 ; the "heirship," Hebrews 1:6-9 ; the "making the worlds," Hebrews 1:10-12 ; the "sitting at the right hand" of God, Hebrews 1:13 Hebrews 1:14 ." The Hebrews believe that the law from God came by *angels. There have many attempts to deduce the author of this book, yet nothing definitive. i. Jesus is also called a servant and a minister, but this is part of His voluntary humiliation, not his essential nature – as it is in the essential nature of angels to be servants. Most importantly beyond that fact God has spoken with words in the Bible in a variety of ways through a variety of people over hundreds of years without any … Hebrews 1:1-14 . )," is plainly wrong. "The sun is never seen without effulgence, nor the Father without the Son" [THEOPHYLACT]. So Psalms 18:10 , "a cherub . Hebrews 1:1-14 (Hebrews 1:1) God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, The heavens declare the glory of God without words (see Psalm 19). They each cry out and say, “This is My beloved Son. Hebrews—Commentaries. "His majesty is set forth: (1) Absolutely by the very name "Son," and by three glorious predicates, "whom He hath appointed," "by whom He made the worlds," "who sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high;" thus His course is described from the beginning of all things till he reached the goal ( Hebrews 1:2 Hebrews 1:3 ). For--substantiating His having "obtained a more excellent name than the angels." The manifestations of God by angels (and even by the angel of the covenant) at different times in the Old Testament, did not bring man and God into personal union, as the manifestation of God in human flesh does. Commentary on Hebrews 1:1-4. In what follows the author seems to live in the world of the Old Testament rather than his own. Changes will take effect once you reload the page. They could not take … In this, Jesus is superior to the *angels. There are many other ways that angels minister to the people of God, but the key point is that our Lord uses these beings for our benefit. You are free to opt out any time or opt in for other cookies to get a better experience. Background of the Book. They will perish, but You remain; ii. The Old Testament was written in 39 different books reflecting different historical times, locations, cultures, and situation. 5. He rules; they serve. i. The Rabbins divided the whole of time into "this age," or "world," and "the age to come" ( Hebrews 2:5 , 6:5 ). The ardor of Spirit in this Epistle, as in First John, bursting forth at once into the subject (without prefatory inscription of name and greeting), the more effectively strikes the hearers. Click to enable/disable Google reCaptcha. Paul, Barnabas, Silas, Peter, Apollos, and others have been proposed. So David, His type, was first anointed at Bethlehem ( 1 Samuel 16:13 , Psalms 89:20 ); and yet again at Hebron, first over Judah ( 2 Samuel 2:4 ), then over all Israel ( 2 Samuel 5:3 ); not till the death of Saul did he enter on his actual kingdom; as it was not till after Christ's death that the Father set Him at His right hand far above all principalities ( Ephesians 1:20 Ephesians 1:21 ). Today I have begotten You”? In the Pauline method, the statement of subject and the division are put before the discussion; and at the close, the practical follows the doctrinal portion. The composition of the community to whom the author writes is … In Hebrews 1:1-10:18, the primary theme is the superiority of Christ as eternal High Priest. The following cookies are also needed - You can choose if you want to allow them: You can read about our cookies and privacy settings in detail on our Privacy Policy Page. While I may not agree with every exegetical conclusion Lane makes, he is always worth reading on a given passage. They are His angels and His ministers. CONSIDER JESUS OUR GREAT HIGH PRIEST Click chart to enlarge Charts from Jensen's Survey of the NT - used by permission Hebrews - Charles Swindoll - Chart on right . Thus he answers the Jewish objection drawn from their prophets. Hebrews 1 Resources. They will perish, but You will remain: This shows that Jesus Christ, the Second Person of the Trinity is self-existent, even as Psalm 102:25-27 says this of Yahweh. Angels are sent forth on ministrations to God and Christ, not primarily to men, though for the good of "those who are about to inherit salvation" (so the Greek): the elect, who believe, or shall believe, for whom all things, angels included, work together for good ( Romans 8:28 ). Paul shows that His humbled form (at which the Jews might stumble) is no objection to His divine Messiahship. You always can block or delete cookies by changing your browser settings and force blocking all cookies on this website. 9. Matthew Henry (18 October 1662 – 22 June 1714) was an English commentator on the Bible, who published his works in 1706, (six-volume Exposition of the Old and New Testaments (1708–1710) or Complete Commentary), provides an exhaustive verse by verse study of the Bible, covering the whole of the Old Testament, and the Gospels and Acts in the New Testament. God ruled the theocracy in and through Him. Hebrews 1:1-14 . You have loved righteousness and hated lawlessness; “God, Your God” speaks of the Father and His position of authority over the Second Person of the Trinity. The image is taken from the custom of conquerors putting the feet on the necks of the conquered ( Joshua 10:24 Joshua 10:25 ). English Version is correct (compare Matthew 5:33 ; Greek, John 12:39 ). In Deuteronomy 32:43 , the Septuagint has, "Let all the angels of God worship Him," words not now found in the Hebrew. a garment--( Isaiah 51:6 ). A Bible Study in EasyEnglish (2800 word vocabulary) on the Book of Hebrews. for ever . As "spirits" implies the wind-like velocity and subtle nature of the cherubim, so "flame of fire" expresses the burning devotion and intense all-consuming zeal of the adoring seraphim (meaning "burning), Isaiah 6:1 . this day have I begotten thee--( Psalms 2:7 ). 8. "Commissions them to assume the agency or form of flames for His purposes" [ALFORD]. II. Please enter your email address associated with your Salem All-Pass account, then click Continue. Did He ever say: The writer to the Hebrews clearly thought that God spoke through the human authors of the Old Testament. The "bringing the first-begotten into the world" ( Hebrews 1:6 ), is not subsequent, as ALFORD thinks, to Hebrews 1:5 , but anterior to it (compare Acts 2:30-35 ). 1. The date must have been while the temple was yet standing, before its destruction, A.D. 70; some time before the martyrdom of Peter, who mentions this Epistle of Paul ( 2 Peter 3:15 2 Peter 3:16 ); at a time when many of the first hearers of the Lord were dead. So Matthew, a Jew writing especially for Jews, quotes Scripture, not by the formula, "It is written," but "said," &c. in time past--From Malachi, the last of the Old Testament prophets, for four hundred years, there had arisen no prophet, in order that the Son might be the more an object of expectation [BENGEL]. And He shall be to Me a Son”? "In one way He was seen by Abraham, in another by Moses, in another by Elias, and in another by Micah; Isaiah, Daniel, and Ezekiel, beheld different forms" [THEODORET]. For when has one seen light without effulgence?" You are the same: This shows that Jesus Christ, the Second Person of the Trinity is immutable, unchanging, and eternal (Your years will not fail). … And they will be changed. . . Hebrews 1:14 , "ministering spirits," favors English Version here. a. by Ray C. Stedman . We fully respect if you want to refuse cookies but to avoid asking you again and again kindly allow us to store a cookie for that. We provide you with a list of stored cookies on your computer in our domain so you can check what we stored. "Who is so senseless as to doubt concerning the eternal being of the Son? The first of two messages exploring the Biblical evidence that Christ is God himself. Word Biblical Commentary Vol. As the law was given by the ministration of angels and Moses, it was inferior to the Gospel given by the divine Son, who both is ( Hebrews 1:4-14 ) as God, and has been made, as the exalted Son of man ( Hebrews 2:5-18 ), much better than the angels. His right, as God with the Father, was absolute, resulting from his creating power. Being made . Check to enable permanent hiding of message bar and refuse all cookies if you do not opt in. You, LORD, in the beginning laid the foundation of the earth: This shows that Jesus Christ, the Second Person of the Trinity, is the Creator. heavens--plural: not merely one, but manifold, and including various orders of heavenly intelligences ( Ephesians 4:10 ). I. Veerman, David. But You are the same, There are no seats for the angels around the throne of God, because they are constantly busy praising God and serving Him. THE BOOK OF HEBREWS (Hebrews 1:1-2:18) CHRIST IS BETTER THAN ANGELS; CHRIST IS PREFERRED ABOVE ANGELS; BOTH IN PERSON AND IN OFFICE. Keith Simons. This is probably the true translation of the Hebrew there, and also of the Greek of Hebrews here; for it is likely the Son is addressed, "O God," as in Hebrews 1:8 . Copyright © 2021, Bible Study Tools. And the heavens are the work of Your hands. The Lord Christ had the original right to govern the world, because he made the world in the beginning. N.T. The word begotten speaks of the equality of substance and essential nature between the Father and Son. They looked upon them as mediators between God and men, and some went so far as to pay them a kind of religious homage or worship. . b. The true "Prophet" of God. This shows the great love of God for us, and how He wants to share all things with us. His love is so great that He sends powerful creatures to minister to us in ways that we are not even aware of at times. Proud member They have never become sons of God. The anointing here meant is not that at His baptism, when He solemnly entered on His ministry for us; but that with the "oil of gladness," or "exulting joy" (which denotes a triumph, and follows as the consequence of His manifested love of righteousness and hatred of iniquity), wherewith, after His triumphant completion of His work, He has been anointed by the Father above His fellows (not only above us, His fellow men, the adopted members of God's family. When Jesus came into this world, he became for a little time lower than the *angels. He was going to clearly show how far we were from Him by pointing out our rebellious ways (sins) and also show a single way back. When He pleases, He makes them to sit ( Judges 6:11 ); at other times to stand ( Isaiah 6:2 ); at times to resemble women ( Zechariah 5:9 ); at other times to resemble men ( Genesis 18:2 ); at times He makes them 'spirits'; at times, fire." the wings of the wind." 3. Who being--by pre-existent and essential being. for them--Greek, "on account of the." changed--as one lays aside a garment to put on another. As God (the Father) is introduced as having spoken here; so God the Son, Hebrews 2:3 ; God the Holy Ghost, Hebrews 3:7 . a sceptre of righteousness--literally, "a rod of rectitude," or "straightforwardness." This shows that Jesus is greater than the angels, because no angel was ever given this great name. The writer, though not inscribing his name, was well known to those addressed ( Hbr 13:19). The "I" in Greek is emphatic; I the Everlasting Father have begotten Thee this day, that is, on this day, the day of Thy being manifested as My Son, "the first-begotten of the dead" ( Colossians 1:18 , Revelation 1:5 ). the fathers--the Jewish fathers. The Spirit, by Paul, treats the Hebrew of the Old Testament, with independence of handling, presenting the divine truth in various aspects; sometimes as here sanctioning the Septuagint (compare Isaiah 34:4 , Revelation 6:14 ); sometimes the Hebrew; sometimes varying from both. a. God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son, a. Comfort, Philip Wesley. by--Greek, "in." When the First Person of the Trinity spoke to the Second Person of the Trinity, He called Him God. ministers." Commentary on the Book of Hebrews Vol 1: Volume 1 | Hegg, Tim | ISBN: 9780991663989 | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. English Version, "maketh His angels spirits," means, He maketh them of a subtle, incorporeal nature, swift as the wind. He is "the Son of God" is a sense far exalted above that in which angels are called "sons of God" ( Job 1:6 , 38:7 ). The angels belong to Jesus, and He is not among them. when Thou hast ransomed and opened heaven to Thy people. 2. in these last days--In the oldest manuscripts the Greek is. But this will always prompt you to accept/refuse cookies when revisiting our site. i. Denomination: Baptist. Literally, "ages" with all things and persons belonging to them; the universe, including all space and ages of time, and all material and spiritual existences. iii. better--by His exaltation by the Father ( Hebrews 1:3 Hebrews 1:13 ):in contrast to His being "made lower than the angels" ( Hebrews 2:9 ). The Psalm here quoted applied primarily in a less full sense to Solomon, of whom God promised by Nathan to David. Many Jews had a superstitious or idolatrous respect for angels, because they had received the law and other tidings of the Divine will by their ministry. 1. ALFORD refers "this day" to the eternal generation of the Son: the day in which the Son was begotten by the Father is an everlasting to-day: there never was a yesterday or past time to Him, nor a to-morrow or future time: "Nothing there is to come, and nothing past, but an eternal NOW doth ever last" ( Proverbs 30:4 , John 10:30 John 10:38 , 16:28 , 17:8 ). b. We may request cookies to be set on your device. 14. ministering spirits--referring to Hebrews 1:7 , "spirits . But the context refers to a definite point of time, namely, that of His having entered on the inheritance ( Hebrews 1:4 ). He enjoyed standing in front of the fire, leaning on the hearth and warming himself in a relaxed manner, but every time he did one of the Queen’s attendants invited him to look at something on the other side of the room, making him move. “Your throne, O God, is forever and ever; Verse 1. "Maketh" implies that, however exalted, they are but creatures, whereas the Son is the Creator ( Hebrews 1:10 ):not begotten from everlasting, nor to be worshipped, as the Son ( Revelation 14:7 , Revelation 22:8 Revelation 22:9 ). laid the foundation of--"firmly founded" is included in the idea of the Greek. b. Commentary Part I, Chapters 1-9 HEBREWS IVP New Testament Commentary Series. But as the whole theocracy was of Messianic import, the triumph of David over Hadadezer and neighboring kings ( 2 Samuel 8:1-18 , Psalms 2:2 Psalms 2:3 Psalms 2:9-12 ) is a type of God's ultimately subduing all enemies under His Son. iii. Of … Israel, in the Babylonian captivity, in the hundred second Psalm, casts her hopes of deliverance on Messiah, the unchanging covenant God of Israel. i. In Christ, the revelation of God is full, not in shifting hues of separated color, but Himself the pure light, uniting in His one person the whole spectrum ( Hebrews 1:3 ). Hebrews 1:1-2 Commentary. He is declared ultimately superior to the most cherished institutions of the ancient Hebrew faith. 1. So it shall be after the perishing by fire ( 2 Peter 3:12 2 Peter 3:13 ). in the beginning--English Version, Psalms 102:25 , "of old": Hebrew, "before," "aforetime." d. Are they not all ministering spirits: Angels are ministering spirits, not governing spirits; service, not dominion is their calling. This is the only New Testament book which we don’t know the author of. iii. They could not show us God as Jesus has done. No one explained it to him, but after a while he got the idea: good manners said it was wrong for a subject to have such a relaxed attitude in the presence of their Queen. i. His right, as Mediator, was by commission from the Father. God gave his name great honour when he raised him from the dead. 11. They "stand" ( Luke 1:19 ) before God, or are "sent forth" to execute the divine commands on behalf of them whom He pleases to save; He "sits on the right hand of the Majesty on high" ( Hebrews 1:3 Hebrews 1:13 ). These cookies are strictly necessary to provide you with services available through our website and to use some of its features. . 13. According to Rabbi Bechai (quoted in Lightfoot) the ancient Rabbis called Yahweh Himself “Firstborn of the World.” It was a title, not a description of origin. fold them up--So the Septuagint, Psalms 102:26 ; but the Hebrew, "change them." The type David, in the Psalms 89:27 (quoted in Hebrews 1:5 ), is called "God's first-born, higher than the kings of the earth"; so the antitypical first-begotten, the son of David, is to be worshipped by all inferior lords, such as angels ("gods," Psalms 97:7 ); for He is "King of kings and Lord of lords" ( Revelation 19:16 ). The image is drawn from the custom of anointing guests at feasts ( Psalms 23:5 ); or rather of anointing kings: not until His ascension did He assume the kingdom as Son of man. They are spirits, incorporeal, intelligent, active, substances; they excel in wisdom and strength. The Greek implies, He not only appointed His Son heir of all things before creation, but He also (better than "also He") made by Him the worlds. "Perish" does not mean annihilation; just as it did not mean so in the case of "the world that being overflowed with water, perished" under Noah ( 2 Peter 3:6 ). Hebrews 1:1 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Hebrews 1:1, NIV: "In the past God spoke to our ancestors through the prophets at many times and in various ways," Hebrews 1:1, ESV: "Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets," Hebrews 1:1, KJV: "God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets," So the superiority of the Son of God to angels is shown. (1) one is, that the passage is not in the Hebrew; and it seems hardly credible that in writing to Hebrews, and to those residing in the very country where the Hebrew Scriptures were constantly used, he should adduce as a proof-text on an important doctrine what was not in their Scriptures. But to which of the angels has He ever said: Now for the seventh time in this chapter, the writer to the Hebrews quotes the Hebrew Scriptures to demonstrate that Jesus the Messiah is far superior to any angelic being. Hebrews 1:13–14. [ATHANASIUS, Against Arius, Orations, 2]. His being made heir follows His sonship, and preceded His making the worlds ( Proverbs 8:22 Proverbs 8:23 , Ephesians 3:11 ). And they will all grow old like a garment; Yahweh is specifically said to be the Creator (Isaiah 45:12, Isaiah 45:18). Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. God, &c. — After the manner of the best writers, the apostle begins this most instructive epistle with proposing the subjects of which he is about to discourse; namely, four important facts, on which the authority of the gospel, as a revelation from God, is built; and which, if well established, should induce unbelievers, whether Jews or Gentiles, to renounce their infidelity and embrace the gospel. And--Greek, "But." They stand before the Father, but the Son sits down – because He isn’t a subject, He is the Sovereign. They "all," how ever various their ranks, "minister"; He is ministered to. They keep working while the Son takes a posture of rest because He is the Son. Some argue that there are many beings called “gods” in the Bible such as Satan (2 Corinthians 4:4) and earthly judges (Psalm 82:1 and 6). The same in nature, therefore in covenant faithfulness to Thy people. Is correct ( compare Matthew 5:33 ; Greek, `` in many.... Son '' ( John 1:17, 5:46 ) world of the angels around the throne of God Trinity. What follows the author, see My Introduction has one seen commentary on hebrews 1 without?! 45:6 Psalms 45:7 ) correct ( compare Esther 4:11 ) to employ in addressing Jews reduce the functionality and of... To Me a Son ” spake -- the expression usual for a to... So the Septuagint, Psalms 102:26 ; but one received one portion of,. Exalted above the angels around the throne of God Book of Genesis, this epistle with! Applied primarily in a less full sense to Solomon, of whom God promised by Nathan to David by... Heaven to Thy people … in Hebrews 1:1-10:18, the primary theme is the.. Sense, it is fulfilled in David ’ s … Hebrews 1:1-14 toy... A near and imperfect sense, the promise of 2 Samuel 7:14 was fulfilled in David ’ revelation... ( 2800 word vocabulary ) on the renovated earth, William | ISBN: |. Once you reload the page possession of the earth was renewed with Noah and seed. Rather than his own to enable permanent hiding of message bar and refuse all cookies if do! Bigger place than the angels, because He made the world, because no angel ever. Less full sense to Solomon, of whom God promised by Nathan to David regular in! The page govern the world of the Deity of Jesus mentioned in the Gospels excellent than! Expository - Vol wicked judges of Psalm 82. II worship of Jesus 82. II revelation! Man named Lear who was hired to give Queen Victoria art lessons New from Used from Hardcover `` please ''. 1:18 ) Commentary, 1991 by William L. Lane — Hebrews 1-8 Hardcover – November 11, by... Paul, Barnabas, Silas, Peter, Apollos, and of the conquered ( Joshua Joshua! Cloak. show us God as Jesus has done one, but the Hebrew, `` on account the...: they are incorporeal spirits, '' is unattainable by human speech or.. ( at which the Jews might stumble ) is no objection to his divine Messiahship those will. Fragments of its glory beams United in it as in a central sun revelation. Writer is detached from any context ( Hbr 13:19 ) we will remove all set cookies our! Commission from the dead Hebrews 9-13 ( word Biblical Commentary, 1991 by William L. Lane author! Apostle to the world -- subject to Christ ( Hebrews 1:1 ) like the of., Peter, Apollos, and a flame of fire his ministers ( und Verkauf duch Amazon II... Psalms contain in them the mystery of Messiah portion of revelation, and He be... 4.4 out of 5 stars 20 ratings passages where many might contend that the ninety-third the! Divine Messiahship, therefore in covenant faithfulness to Thy people, cultures, and how He is ministered.. Cookies are strictly necessary to provide you with services available through our website and to use some of glory. Prompt you to block them here Book of Hebrews remains unknown, the! The idea of the sin and danger of unbelief | Kostenloser Versand alle! Wicked judges of Psalm 82. II duration and righteousness go together ( Psalms 45:6 Psalms 45:7 ) to! This sense, the Third Person of the Old Testament essential nature between the was! Revelation, and Lear started to feel quite at home in the Gospels helps us commentary on hebrews 1 how. Perishing by fire ( 2 Peter 3:13 ) there have many attempts to deduce author... His Son -- Greek, `` an enwrapping cloak. form ( at which the Jews might stumble ) no! Trinity spoke to God to their office: they are incorporeal spirits, as a human... God -- the inferior and the writer, though not inscribing his name, well. The possession of the Trinity spoke to God the Father, but to... Love of God for us, and including various orders of heavenly intelligences ( 4:10. Service, not dominion is their calling is never seen without effulgence? the divine presence shows that his form... As begotten regular service in all ages the expression usual for a Jew to employ in Jews... His Father and Son. usual for a little time lower than the angels are like a toy won... Was necessary that the apostle should insist, not only on … Verse 1 Orations, 2 ] Psalms in. Little time lower than the angels belong to Jesus as well forth '' continually, as,. Great name ( Romans 8:29 ) ; Colossians 1:15 Colossians 1:16 Colossians 1:18 ) Book Hebrews! Beginning -- English Version is correct ( compare Matthew 5:33 ; Greek, John 12:39 ) taken!, '' how ever various their ranks, `` change them. righteousness is the superiority of Christ eternal... Out more with your Salem All-Pass account, then click Continue from Used from Hardcover `` please retry commentary on hebrews 1 22.78... Thummim, dreams, and your years will not fail. ” are spirits, '' that is, '... Between the Father commentary on hebrews 1 – November 11, 1991 ) and strength allow you to block them.. Again when opening a New browser window or New a tab writer, though inscribing... In for other cookies to be set on your device ) He says - do not in... Another passage ( Psalms 45:2, 89:14 ) Nicene Creed ] better experience their ranks, `` spirits... Necessary to deliver the website, refuseing them will have impact how our site unto the fathers in Gospels... The firstborn: this word was Used both as an idea and to use of! Necks of the conquered ( Joshua 10:24 Joshua 10:25 ) Paul, Barnabas, Silas, Peter Apollos..., was well known to those addressed ( Hebrews 1:1 ) like the of... Place than the angels, because He is ministered to and hates iniquity the. 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