At low temperature, the valence band of a semiconductor is completely filled and the conduction band is completely empty. At room temperature (T> 0 K), the valence electron acquires a sufficient amount of thermal energy. Crystal. It has 14 protons and 14 electrons in orbits. In each energy band, allowed energy levels are very close to each other, and the electron energy can vary continuously. When an electron leaves to become free, it leaves a vacant space called a hole. 60 Ω cm. Atomic no of Germanium A. B. a volatile memory. A single CD-ROM has the storage capacity of 700 floppy disks, enough memory to store about 300,000 textpages. Therefore, a semiconductor virtually behaves like an insulator at low temperature. Semiconductor materials lie in the range between these two extremes, as shown in Fig. You have to select the right answer to a question. Show Explanation Explanation:- C. Which have more electrons than holes. This heat energy enables the valence electrons to acquire sufficient energy to break away from the atoms and become free electrons. In terms of energy bands, semiconductors can be defined as those materials which have almost an empty conduction band and almost filled valence band with a very narrow energy gap separating the two bands. Electrons-Pairs bonds D. Which are available locally Computer Graphics MCQ Multiple Choice Questions with Answers. As used in semiconductor devices, however, these materials contain carefully controlled amounts of certain impurities, which reduce their resistivity to about 2 Ω cm at room temperature and this resistivity decreases rapidly as the temperature rises. a. The important property of electrons is determined by the rule that is called the Pauli exclusion principle. SPICE Multiple Choice Questions on Alternating Current vs Direct Current . Each of the four neighbors shares one electron. Therefore, the net effect can be viewed as the hole migrating through the material in the direction opposite the direction of electron movement. It is the most commonly used material after silicon; however, it is more expensive and more difficult to manufacture. In a pure semiconductor the four valence electrons of the crystal atom form covalent bonding and at low temperatures, free electrons are not available for conduction of electricity. When atoms form solids, their electron energy states split into many close energy levels that form allowed energy bands. Multiple Choice Questions - ... MCQS WITH SOLUTION PCS/CSS/IT EXPERT FPSC 2011; The ability of a material to conduct current is directly proportional to the number of free electrons in the material. There are many types of devices that use semiconductor memory, including flash memory (or flash ROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), and Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory . Semiconductors are neither conductors nor insulators. Each valence shell electron fills the hole of the neighboring atom as shown in Fig. The atoms in a crystal are arranged so closely that electrons orbit in valence shells of two atoms. High-speed semiconductors widely use gallium-arsenide. The valence band may be partially or completely filled up depending upon the nature of the crystal. is being pulled in opposite directions, it is a kind of a bond between the opposite cores. Which of the following is a semi-conductor, 5. Thus the covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between similar atoms. These questions & … Ques.1. This set of MCQ on computer organization and architecture includes the collections of objective questions fundamental of computer organization and architecture. Therefore, the net effect can be viewed as the hole migrating through the material in the direction opposite the direction of electron movement. Show Explanation In this section of Digital Logic Design – Digital Electronics – Semiconductor Memories MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions and Answers),We have tried to cover the below lists of topics.All these MCQs will help you prepare for the various Competitive Exams and University Level Exams. However, at room temperature, some electrons cross over to the conduction band giving a little conductivity to the semiconductor. At T = 0 K, all electrons in these materials are in the valence band and no energy is available to excite them across the energy gap. As the temperature is increased more valence electrons cross over to the conduction band and conductivity increases. Which of the following is a secondary memory device? These MCQs are very helpful for the preparation of academic & competitive exams ... 8. Explanation:- This reduces drift speed of electrons (and thus current reduces). Here I am sharing various types of mcq on computer memory because many students are confused to solve multiple choice questions on computer in the examination. This shows that electrical conductivity of a semiconductor increases with the increase of temperature, i.e., a, Ideal Transformer | Characteristics of Ideal Transformer, Construction of Alternator | Synchronous Generator, Why synchronous motor is not self starting, Methods of starting of Synchronous Machine, UPPCL AE Electrical Engineer Solved Paper 2019, SSC JE electrical question paper 2019 with solution SET-2, 100 Important MCQ Question of DC Motor | Objective type question of DC Motor, 100 Most Important MCQ Of Measurement and Instrumentation with explanation, 100 Most Important 3-phase Induction Motor MCQ with Explanation | Polyphase induction motor MCQ With Explanation. Insulators such as glass, rubber, and mica, which have very few loosely held electrons, have resistivities as high as several million ohm-centimeters. Dynamic B. Static C. Bubble D. Both a & b 2-2. A semiconductor material, silicon or germanium where the electrons are bound to their respective atoms and are not free to conduct electric current, are called intrinsic, or pure semiconductors. CD-ROM is a a) Semiconductor memory b) Memory register c) Magnetic memory d) All of the above e) None of the above According to this principle, not more than two electrons with different spins can occupy each energy state. Semiconductor memory, a form of electronic data storage device, is usually used for computer memory, and is implemented onto a semiconductor-based integrated circuit (IC). Semiconductors have the same type of band structure as an insulator; but the energy gap is much smaller, on the order of 1 eV. Pure germanium has a resistivity of 60 Ω cm. This contains 25 Multiple Choice Questions for Electrical Engineering (EE) Test: Basic Of Semiconductor (mcq) to study with solutions a complete question bank. A semiconductor has ____________ temperature coefficient of resistance. Silicon carbide has been used to create blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and it can withstand high operating temperatures. Thus, the valence band has holes while the conduction band has electrons. Random Access Memory Cells MCQs: 37 Multiple Choice Questions. Answer.4. Each atom that is normally bonded with the nearest neighbor atoms results in a special shape called a crystal (Fig). Set 1; Set 2 ) ) Post navigation. As the temperature is increased more valence electrons cross over to the conduction band and conductivity increases. Silicon is the most widely used semiconductor material. At absolute zero temperature, there will be no free electrons in the crystal. This shows that electrical conductivity of a semiconductor increases with the increase of temperature, i.e., a semiconductor has a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. The strength of a semiconductor crystal comes from______. Typical data transfer rate in LAN are of the order of ... MCQ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Computer Basics. Ques.8. D None of above. Because of the many empty levels above the thermally filled levels in the conduction band, a small applied potential difference can easily raise the energy of the electrons in the conduction band, resulting in a moderate current. Since each shared electron in Fig. For every free electron, there will be a corresponding hole produced, which is called an electron-hole pair. High-speed semiconductors widely use gallium-arsenide. This vacancy is known as a hole and is assumed to carry a positive charge equivalent to the charge of the electron. A semiconductor atom having four valence electrons and four holes require four more electrons so as to make the outermost orbit completely filled (total number must be eight). A semiconductor is formed by __________ bonds. It is a semiconductor memory which can only have data written to it once – the data written to it is permanent. The covalent bonds hold the tetravalent crystal together, ensuring its stability. The corresponding crystal structure along with the energy band structure is as shown in Fig. Pure silicon has a considerably higher resistivity, in the order of 60,000 Ω cm. These free electrons create a vacancy in its initial position in the crystal. C Magnetic memory. For every free electron, there will be a corresponding hole produced, which is called an, The lower energy bands with mostly filled energy states are called the, The higher energy bands with mostly empty energy states are called, The difference between the highest valence band and the lowest conduction band is called the, As the temperature is increased more valence electrons cross over to the conduction band and conductivity increases. Semiconductor materials lie in the range between these two extremes, as shown in Fig. The important property of electrons is determined by the rule that is called the Pauli exclusion principle. This heat energy enables the valence electrons to acquire sufficient energy to break away from the atoms and become free electrons. Semiconductor materials lie in the range between conductor and insulator, as shown in Fig. CCC MCQ - English . Covalent As a result, no free electrons are available for conduction and it acts as an insulator. In semiconductors and dielectrics, almost all the states in the lowest energy bands are filled by electrons, whereas the energy states in the higher energy bands are, by and large, empty. Insulators such as glass, rubber, and mica, which have very few loosely held electrons, have resistivities as high as several million ohm-centimeters. Compact Disc-Read-Only Memory, a type of optical disk capable of storing large amounts of data -- up to 1GB, although the most common size is 650MB (megabytes). Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits Class 12 Physics MCQs Pdf. Sense Amplifiers and Address Decoders MCQs: 51 Multiple Choice Questions. Answer.2. Basic Computer Fundamental Introduction to Windows Basic DOS Commands Elements of Word Processing Spreadsheets ... A Semiconductor memory. A semiconductor atom having four valence electrons and four holes require four more electrons so as to make the outermost orbit completely filled (total number must be eight). Charge carriers in a semiconductor can be negative, positive, or both. This Microprocessor Test contains around 20 questions of multiple choice with 4 options. Answer.1. Explanation:- Floppy Disk B. CD-ROM C. Hard Disk D. None of these 2-3. The higher energy bands with mostly empty energy states are called conduction bands. C. somewhat larger than the magnetic core memory. The lower energy bands with mostly filled energy states are called the valence bands. 6 × 104 Ω cm. The semiconductors with a trivalent (boron) impurity have the hole type of conduction or deficit conduction by transfer from atom to atom of electrons into available holes. The valence band may be partially or completely filled up depending upon the nature of the crystal. 2 b. The atoms in a crystal are arranged so closely that electrons orbit in valence shells of two atoms. Because there are so few electrons that are mobile at room temperature, only a small amount of current will flow through the semiconductor at room temperature.If the material is heated up, however, many of the valence electrons obtain enough energy to escape from their places and, therefore, the resistance of the material decreases markedly at high temperatures. or The band formed by a series of energy levels containing the valence electrons is known as valence band. The higher energy bands with mostly empty energy states are called conduction bands. Disk C. ALU D. All of the above E. None of the above 49. Thus the covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between similar atoms. The resistivity of semiconductors varies from 10, A semiconductor material, silicon or germanium where the electrons are bound to their respective atoms and are not free to conduct electric current, are called intrinsic, or pure semiconductors. Pure germanium has a resistivity of 60 Ω cm. Can't read the image? These free electrons, due to acquiring of sufficient thermal energy, cross the energy gap and enter into the conduction band from the valence band and occupy the energy levels in the conduction band. Microprocessor MCQ Quiz & Online Test: Below is few Microprocessor MCQ test that checks your basic knowledge of Microprocessor. Practice these MCQ questions and answers for preparation of various competitive and entrance exams. Pure silicon has a considerably higher resistivity, in the order of 60,000 Ω cm. A. When the temperature of the crystal is raised, external energy in the form of heat gets applied to the semiconductor material. Explanation:- Which are made of semiconductor material in its purest form. Answer.2. Answer.1. At absolute zero temperature, there will be no free electrons in the crystal. C. P-type semiconductor D. N-type semiconductor Ans = D 8. Which is a semi conductor memory? A. These free electrons create a vacancy in its initial position in the crystal. According to this principle, not more than two electrons with different spins can occupy each energy state. Memories in which any location can be reached in a fixed (and short) amount of time after specifying its address is called (a) sequential-access memory 13 / 27 Semiconductor Memories MCQs: 42 Multiple Choice Questions. A semiconductor material, silicon or germanium where the electrons are bound to their respective atoms and are not free to conduct electric current, are called intrinsic, or pure semiconductors. This hole (electron-deficient site) acts as a charge carrier in the sense that a free electron from a nearby site can transfer into the hole. Sharing of electrons of the neighboring atoms to satisfy the need to have eight electrons on the valence shell in an atom is called covalent bonding. When an electron leaves to become free, it leaves a vacant space called a hole. Note:- The energy gap of an insulator is 5 eV This type of bond is known as a covalent bond. The most commonly used semiconductor is _________. Semiconductor memory is a digital electronic semiconductor device used for digital data storage, such as computer memory.It typically refers to MOS memory, where data is stored within metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) memory cells on a silicon integrated circuit memory chip. Intrinsic semiconductor at room temperature will have, ................. available for conduction, 3. A semiconductor in which the conduction is due to holes referred to as a p-type semiconductor. The resistivity of pure germanium under the standard condition is about. Semiconductors are those materials which have electrical conductivities lying between those of good conductors and insulators. The resistivity of a semiconductor ____________ conductors and insulators. A semiconductor atom having four valence electrons and four holes require four more electrons so as to make the outermost orbit completely filled (total number must be eight). The ability of a material to conduct current is directly proportional to the number of free electrons in the material. 4 c. 8 d. 16. Therefore, semiconductors are poor conductors at very low temperatures. The electrons leaving the valence band create holes in its place. Sharing of electrons of the neighboring atoms to satisfy the need to have eight electrons on the valence shell in an atom is called covalent bonding. Ques.9. 1eV In the figure, atoms of silicon material have been shown. Thus conductors have a positive temperature coefficient of resistance. The energy gap is much more in silicon than in germanium because, C.Its crystal has much stronger bonds called ionic bonds, D.Its valence electrons are more tightly bound to their parent nuclii, Enter the code above here : Since each shared electron in Fig. The commonly used semiconductor elements are silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide. Each valence shell electron fills the hole of the neighboring atom as shown in Fig. Germanium was among the first semiconductor materials to be developed and is less widely used than silicon, but it is useful in very high-speed devices when alloyed with silicon. When the temperature of the crystal is raised, external energy in the form of heat gets applied to the semiconductor material. At 0 K, all valence electrons are strongly bound to their atoms and are actively participating in the covalent bond formation. In semiconductors and dielectrics, almost all the states in the lowest energy bands are filled by electrons, whereas the energy states in the higher energy bands are, by and large, empty. 2-1. Silicon is the most widely used semiconductor material because it has a useful temperature range and is abundant, cheap, and easy to manufacture. Silicon carbide has been used to create blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and it can withstand high operating temperatures. Click here to refresh, © 2015 - 2020 MechanicalTutorial.com This Content is copyrighted By MechanicalTutorial.com |All Rights Reserved. Goes down As a result, no free electrons are available for conduction and it acts as an insulator. Because the Fermi level is located near the middle of the gap for a semiconductor and Energy gap Eg is small, appreciable numbers of electrons are thermally excited from the valence band to the conduction band. C Magnetic memory. A) System memory B) Display processor memory ... 16. The covalent bonds hold the tetravalent crystal together, ensuring its stability. This shows that electrical conductivity of a semiconductor increases with the increase of temperature, i.e., a semiconductor has a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. Semiconductor Memories - Electronic Engineering (MCQ) questions & answers. Show Explanation Explanation:- However, at room temperature, some electrons cross over to the conduction band giving a little conductivity to the semiconductor. Which computer memory is used for storing programs and data currently being processed by the CPU? When an electron moves from the valence band into the conduction band, it leaves behind a vacant site, called a hole, in the otherwise filled valence band. These free electrons, due to acquiring of sufficient thermal energy, cross the energy gap and enter into the conduction band from the valence band and occupy the energy levels in the conduction band. In terms of energy bands, semiconductors can be defined as those materials which have almost an empty conduction band and almost filled valence band with a very narrow energy gap separating the two bands  In a pure semiconductor the four valence electrons of the crystal atom form covalent bonding and at low temperatures, free electrons are not available for conduction of electricity. These bands are separated by a forbidden energy gap. Semiconductors are those materials which have electrical conductivities lying between those of good conductors and insulators. Because the thermal excitation of electrons across the narrow gap is more probable at higher temperatures, the conductivity of semiconductors increases rapidly with temperature, contrasting sharply with the conductivity of metals, which decreases slowly with increasing temperature. 32 B. When atoms form solids, their electron energy states split into many close energy levels that form allowed energy bands. Semiconductor memory; Memory register ; ... A type of secondary memory ; Modulator Demodulator; Mainframe operating device memory; Audio Device 20. A directory of Objective Type Questions covering all the Computer Science subjects. Each valence shell electron fills the hole of the neighboring atom as shown in Fig. As the doping to a pure semiconductor increases, the bulk resistance of the semiconductor At room temperature (T> 0 K), the valence electron acquires a sufficient amount of thermal energy. 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Energy can vary continuously than magnetic core memory CD-ROM has the storage capacity of floppy... & answers © 2015 - 2020 MechanicalTutorial.com this Content is copyrighted by MechanicalTutorial.com |All Rights.. E. None of these 2-3 d ) magnetic disk Ans: b 19 as covalent... Upon the nature of the semiconductor material, atoms of silicon material have been shown system memory b ) (. Have a positive charge +e registers ( c ) Hard disk ( d ) magnetic disk Ans: b.! Sufficient amount of thermal energy purest form are separated by a series of energy levels very! By the rule that is normally bonded with the nearest neighbor atoms in... Close energy levels containing the valence band of a microcomputer-based system and is assumed to carry a positive temperature of!